Community Health Department Investigation Free Essays

The Health Department received a letter notifying them of a possible health problem in regards to students at Truman and Jackson Middle Schools. It is my duties as a member of the investigative team to find out if there was an increase of absences and for what classes. In looking at the charts it would appear that the absences occurred for the band classes at Truman and Jackson Middle Schools on May 20th. We will write a custom essay sample on Community Health Department Investigation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The chart shows an absent rate of 33% for Truman and 25% for Jackson (â€Å"Independent School District 12 Intranet†). According to the letter from the principal at Truman Middle School she is concerned that a flu outbreak could be the cause of the student’s absences but there is also information from the Health Department inspections that shows restaurants with violations such as: sanitation, food storage, and food preparation. My first hypothesis would be that the students from Truman and Jackson were absent from school on the 20th because they ate at one of the restaurants and caught food poisoning. Several of the students had similar symptoms such as: diarrhea, fever, and vomiting which kept them from attending school. My second hypothesis would be that the students from the two schools came in contact with another which could have lead them to transmitting the flu to one another. This would be supported by the fact that on the calendar of events the students attended the Battle of the Bands on May 19th, which was a day before the absences started taking place. There are six testable questions that could help with the investigation: how close are Truman and Jackson schools, did other band students from Kennedy and Roosevelt report the same symptoms, was there direct contact between the students at Truman and Jackson, were the band students from Kennedy and Roosevelt in contact with the students from Truman and Jackson, was the reported illnesses from students who played the same instrument, and how close are Kennedy and Roosevelt to Truman and Jackson. The following statement: â€Å"The Brentwood Indians basketball team lost the state championship because there is bad stuff in the stars happening with Mars in Aquarius†, is not a suitable hypothesis. In order for â€Å"bad stuff† to be tested we would need to know what exactly it is that they are referring to as â€Å"bad stuff†. How to cite Community Health Department Investigation, Essay examples

International Financial Reporting Standards †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the International Financial Reporting Standards. Answer: Introduction: A direct quotation in the outside trade markets indicates the estimation of the American dollar is expressed as a for each unit measure of a remote cash. This sort of citation indicates the amount U.S. cash it takes to buy one unit of outside money (Allen, Hemming Potter 2013). This part empowers you to oversee trade rates for every money match utilizing immediate or circuitous citation. The kind of citation utilized is reliant on available standard. You can characterize the kind of citation per customer and money combines (business exchange). Indirect quotation has not been required as of not long ago, on the grounds that immediate citation was normally utilized for trade rates (Avdjiev, McCauley Shin 2016). With the beginning of the double cash period of the European Monetary Union (EMU), backhanded citation is presently utilized inside Europe for trade rates with the euro. Backhanded citation is additionally winding up more generally acknowledged globally. Up to this point, there were numerous restrictions associated with handling aberrant trade rates. Indirect quotation is the place the cost of one unit of outside cash is given in units of nearby money, while roundabout citation is the place the cost of one unit of neighbourhood money is given in units of remote cash (Brigham Ehrhardt 2013). The conversion scale of an outside money is communicated as proportionate to a specific number of units of the household cash. This is typically communicated as the measure of remote cash expected to trade for 1 unit or 100 units of residential money. The more significant the residential cash, the more prominent the measure of remote money it can trade for and the lower the conversion scale. At the point when the local money turns out to be less significant, it can trade for a littler measure of outside cash and the conversion scale drops (Brooke 2016). Under indirect quotation, the ascent and fall of trade rates are straightforwardly identified with the adjustments in estimation of the household money. At the point when the estimation of the household cash rises, the trade rates additionally rise; and when the estimation of the residential money falls, the trade rates fall too. A indirect quotation in the outside trade showcases that communicates the measure of remote cash required to purchase or offer one unit of the residential cash (Cangiano, Curristine Lazare, 2013). An indirect quotation is otherwise called an "amount citation," since it communicates the amount of outside cash required to purchase units of the household money. As such, the local money is the base cash in a backhanded quote, while the remote cash is the counter cash. A indirect quotation is the inverse or complementary of an immediate quote, otherwise called a "value citation," since it communicates the cost of one unit of an outside cash as far as the local money. According to the given problem, the quote in Australia is $0.801, which denotes that 1 AUD is equal to $0.801. Hence, the cost of AUD 250,000 in terms of USD could be computed with the help of the unitary method as follows: AUD 1 = $0.801 AUD 250,000 = $(0.801 x 250,000) = $200,250 Therefore, it could be inferred that the cost of AUD 250,000 would be $200,250. According to the provided question, the bid rate is provided as $1.2772/GBP and the ask rate is provided as $1.2787/GBP. In this scenario, $20,000 has been converted into GBP and then it has been converted back to USD. 1.2772 USD = 1 GBP 1 USD = (1/1.2772) GBP 20,000 USD = (1/1.2772 x 20,000) GBP = 15,659.25 GBP It is assumed that the ask rate is considered for reverting the amount back to USD. In order to convert the above amount back to USD, the following calculation has been made: 1 GBP = 1.2787 USD 15,659.25 GBP = (1.2772 x 15,659.25) USD = 20,023.48 USD In this case, the aim is to earn $1,750 on a round trip transaction by buying at bid rate and selling at the ask rate. From the above calculation, it has been found that a profit of $23.48 has been earned by conversion of 15,659.25 GBP. 23.48 USD = 15,659.25 GBP 1 USD = (15,659.25/ 23.48) GBP 1,750 USD = (15,659.25/23.48 X 1,750) GBP = 1,167,107.44 GBP In this case, the ask rate is considered to find out the amount of USD needed to generate 1,750 USD. Therefore, the amount of USD to be raised is calculated as follows: 1 GBP = 1.2787 USD 1,167,107.44 GBP = (1.2787 x 1,167,107.44) USD = 1,492,380.55 USD The inference of residential money in remote trade showcase is a critical instrument within national bank's toolbox along with maintaining key thought while setting financial strategy. Through implication, in this way, cash levels impacts several financial factors (Cavusgil et al. 2014). It can be deemed that financing cost paid within home loan, the profits on speculation portfolio along with basic needs cost in your nearby general store along with maitaining employment prospects. Cash variances are results of drifting conversion scale framework, which is standard for real economies. Swapping scale of money is deemed to be affected by various key and specialized variables. As these variables are largely in a condition of unending motion, money esteems change starting with one minute then onto the next. In any case, in spite of the fact that a cash's level is to a great extent expected to be controlled by the hidden economy, the tables are frequently turned, as gigantic developments in a money can manage the economy's fortunes. The outside trade showcase is usually known as FOREX, an overall system, which empowers the trades the world over. The accompanying are the principle elements of outside trade showcase, which are really the result of its working: Exchange Function: The essential and most obvious capability of outside trade indicates is the asset exchanges (remote cash) that initiates from a nation then settlement of instalments (Deresky, 2017). It essentially incorporates transformation of cash, in which an aspect of Starting with for exchanging acquiring power that initiates with a nation and ends with other. For instance, India import merchandise from the USA and instalment in dollars, while transformation of rupee to dollar can be supported by FOREX (Dudin et al. 2015). Credit Function: FOREX offers transient credit to shippers for encouraging smooth merchandise stream and ventures from nation to nation. A shipper might use credit for supporting remote buys. For instance, an Indian organization requires purchasing apparatus from USA, might purchase by issuing a trade bill in remote trade platform, with development of three months. Forex Market Participants Customers and Travellers: Buyers may buy merchandise in a remote nation or through web with charge card. The customers pay remote money might be changed over to their home cash on financial record. Voyagers must visit the bank or money trade agency to change with cash (their "home" money) into another ("goal" cash) at the time of using money to pay products and enterprises within the country. Voyagers must understand rates to guarantee they attain reasonable arrangement (Jindrichovska, 2013). Organizations: Organizations frequently must change over monetary standards when they direct exchange from outskirts the country. Huge companies must alter over tremendous measures of money; a multinational organization. This is for instance; General Electric (GE) for example, changes with several billions of dollars all through the years. Financial specialists and Speculators: Financial specialists and examiners require money trade at whatever point they bargain in any outside venture, be it values, securities, bank stores, or land. Financial specialists and theorists additionally exchange monetary standards trying to profit by developments in the cash trade markets (Jung 2017). An extremely short record of certain vital sorts of exchanges led in the outside trade advertises is given underneath. Spot Market: The term spot trade alludes to the class of remote trade exchange, which requires the quick conveyance, or trade of monetary forms on the spot. Practically speaking the settlement happens inside two days in many markets. The rate of trade successful for the spot exchange is known as the spot rate and the market for such exchanges is known as the spot display (Phan, Mascitelli Barut 2014). The forward exchanges is an assertion between two gatherings, requiring the conveyance at some predefined future date of a predetermined measure of outside cash by one of the gatherings, against instalment in residential money be the other party, at the cost settled upon in the agreement. The rate of trade pertinent to the forward contract is known as the forward swapping scale and the market for forward exchanges is known as the forward market (Knights Tinker 2016). The outside trade controls of different nations for the most part manage the forward trade exchanges with a view to checking hypothesis in the remote trades advertise. For instance, business banks are allowed to offer forward cover just concerning real fare and import exchanges. Forward trade offices, clearly, are of gigantic help to exporters and merchants as they can cover the dangers emerging out of swapping scale changes are going into a suitable forward trade contract. With reference to its association with spot rate, the forward rate might be at standard, markdown or premium. In the event that the forward conversion scale cited is correct proportional to the spot rate at the season of making the agreement the forward swapping scale is said to be at standard (Madura, 2015). The forward rate for a cash, say the dollar, is said to be at premium concerning the spot rate when one dollar purchases more units of another money, say rupee, in the forward than in the spot rate on a for e ach annum premise. The forward rate for a cash, say the dollar, is said to be at markdown as for the spot rate when one dollar purchases less rupees in the forward than in the spot showcase. The markdown is likewise generally communicated as a rate deviation from the spot rate on a for every annum premise (Petty et al. 2015). The forward swapping scale is resolved for the most part be the interest for and supply of forward trade. Normally when the interest for forward trade surpasses its supply, the forward rate will be cited at a premium and then again, when the supply of forward trade surpasses the interest for it, the rate will be cited at markdown (McKinney 2015). At the point when the supply is identical to the interest for forward trade, the forward rate will have a tendency to be at standard. While a concentration contract is like a forward contract, there are a few contrasts between them. While a forward contract is carefully fit for the customer be his universal bank, a future contract has institutionalized elements the agreement size and development dates are institutionalized. Prospects taxicab exchanged just on a sorted out trade and they are exchanged aggressively. Edges are not required in regard of a forward contract but rather edges are expected of all members in the fates showcase an underlying edge must be stored into a security record to build up a prospects position (Brooke 2016). While the forward or prospects contract ensures the buyer of the agreement fro m the unfavorable swapping scale developments, it takes out the likelihood of picking up a benefit from positive conversion scale development. A choice is an agreement or money related instrument that gives holder the privilege, yet not the commitment, to offer or purchase a given amount of a benefit as a predefined cost at a predetermined future date (Brooke 2016). An alternative to purchase the fundamental resource is known as a call choice and a choice to offer the basic resource is known as a put choice. Purchasing or offering the fundamental resource through the alternative is known as practicing the choice. The expressed cost paid (or got) is known as the activity or striking cost. The purchaser of an alternative is known as the long and the merchant of a choice is known as the essayist of the choice, or the short. The cost for the alternative is known as premium (Brooke 2016). Types of options: With reference to their activity qualities, there are two sorts of choices, American and European. A European alternative taxi is practiced just at the development or lapse date of the agreement, while an American choice can be practiced whenever amid the agreement. Internationalization is an extremely vital and key choice that an organization takes in its lifetime. Certain essentials should be met before a firm can consider nationalizing and turning into a MNC. The first is high nation engaging quality. The nation ought to have the capacity to offer something that will guarantee an upper hand for the organization or something that can enable the organization to manage its current upper hand (Avdjiev, McCauley Shin 2016). Another essential is the responsibility for capabilities. The organization ought to have a few skills that will enable it to offset the incognizance of remote markets and natural conditions. Likewise, the organization ought to have some hierarchical abilities that will expand the ROI by utilizing the organization's key qualities seriously. These three requirements are basic for choosing the method of internationalization and the method of nation section that will enable the organization to contend in world business. There are numerous techniques embraced by organizations to internationalize and overcome remote markets. The most punctual strategy utilized by firms in their procedure of getting to be MNEs was fares and imports. This may incorporate both stock fares and imports and administration fares and imports. Administration fares and imports might be tourism and transportation, benefit execution and resource utilize. A few administrations acquire instalment for the organizations for the execution of those administrations (Avdjiev, McCauley Shin 2016). For instance, the organizations may pay expenses for turnkey ventures, which are exchanged, to the proprietor once they are operational. Administration contracts likewise acquire the organizations charges for the execution of general and concentrated administration capacities for another. Resource utilize incorporates Licensing, Franchising, and so forth. Authorizing is the way toward enabling another organization to utilize its elusive resourc es like licenses, trademarks, copyrights, or mastery, under contracts known as permitting understandings for which they win sovereignties. Diversifying is the procedure of business in which an organization allows another organization to utilize the trademark as an advantage of the franchisee's business. The franchisor will help the franchisee by providing crude materials, administration administrations and so forth and furthermore will set down rules and gauges that are to be trailed by the franchisee (Cangiano, Curristine Lazare, 2013). The companies might face hurdles in becoming in being multinationals: One of the best authoritative favourable circumstances is mark acknowledgment, which at worldwide levels of business is much esteemed. The organization can spread risks through multinationals. On the off chance that the economy is moderate or request is dropping in one nation, odds are it will be flourishing in another One reason might be to rival bigger organizations and perhaps to get economies of scale. The market for some items if winding up increasingly worldwide particularly with the web thus it is another motivation to multinational organization to survive. The measure of the market serves as multinationals there might be 1 million out of 60 million in the UK who need your item, where as there are billions on the planet thus your market size would increment thus would deal. A firm ends up plainly multinational just when nationals of at least two nations successfully claim the head quarter or parent organization. The idea of acquiring power equality (PPP) has two applications: it was initially created as a hypothesis of swapping scale assurance; however, it is presently principally used to look at expectations for everyday comforts crosswise over nations. From the point of view of swapping scale assurance, PPP is helpful as an update that fiscal arrangement has no long-run affect on the genuine trade rate (Cangiano, Curristine Lazare, 2013). In this way, nations with various swelling rates ought to expect their reciprocal conversion standard to alter to counterbalance these differentials over the long haul. The swapping scale, nevertheless, can veer off steadily from its PPP esteem in light of genuine stuns. To look at expectations for everyday comforts crosswise over nations, PPP trade rates are built by looking at the national costs for a huge wicker bin of merchandise and administrations. These rates are utilized to decipher extraordinary monetary forms into typical money to quantify the obtaining energy of per capita salary in various nations. A PPP swapping scale built in this way is not, be that as it may, a precise measure of the balance estimation of the market-decided swapping scale. Absolute obtaining power equality is a type talked about in A Beginner's Guide to Purchasing Power Parity Theory (PPP Theory) (Brigham Ehrhardt 2013). In particular, it infers that "a heap of products should cost the same in Canada and the United States once you consider the swapping scale". Any differences from same (if products is not that expensive in Canada in comparison to United States), at that point it is ought to expect relative costs and the swapping scale between two nations to move in directions at bushel of merchandise have a similar cost in nations. The thought is communicated in properly within Purchasing Power Parity Theory (PPP Theory) (Allen, Hemming Potter 2013). Relative PPP portrays is in comparison with expansion rates in the nations. In particular, assume swelling rate in Canada is higher in comparison to US, causing cost of a wicker container of products in Canada (Brigham Ehrhardt 2013). Acquiring power equality requires the crate be a similar cost in every nation and this infers Canadian is decreased in comparison to U.S. dollar. The rate change is analysis of the cash should then equal to expansion rates among two nations. The Big Mac Index is distributed by The Economist as a casual method for measuring the buying power equality (PPP) between two monetary forms and gives a trial of the degree to which showcase trade rates result in products costing the same in various nations. References: Allen, R., Hemming, R., Potter, B. (Eds.). (2013).The international handbook of public financial management. Springer. Avdjiev, S., McCauley, R. N., Shin, H. S. (2016). Breaking free of the triple coincidence in international finance.Economic Policy,31(87), 409-451. Brigham, E. F., Ehrhardt, M. C. (2013).Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brooke, M. Z. (2016).Handbook of international financial management. Springer. Cangiano, M. M., Curristine, M. T. R., Lazare, M. M. (2013).Public financial management and its emerging architecture. International Monetary Fund. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia. Cremers, M., Ferreira, M. A., Matos, P., Starks, L. (2016). Indexing and active fund management: International evidence.Journal of Financial Economics,120(3), 539-560. Deresky, H. (2017).International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Dudin, M. N., Prokofev, M. N., Fedorova, I. J. E., Frygin, A. V., Kucuri, G. N. (2015). International Practice of Generation of the National Budget Income on the Basis of the Generally Accepted Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Jindrichovska, I. (2013). Financial management in SMEs.European Research Studies,16(4), 79. Jung, C. (2017). Public 6 finance and financial management.Public Administration and Policy in Korea: Its Evolution and Challenges, 118. Knights, D., Tinker, T. (Eds.). (2016).Financial institutions and social transformations: International studies of a sector. Springer. Madura, J. (2015).International Financial Management, Abridged. Cengage Learning. McKinney, J. B. (2015).Effective financial management in public and nonprofit agencies. ABC-CLIO. Petty, J. W., Titman, S., Keown, A. J., Martin, P., Martin, J. D., Burrow, M. (2015).Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson Higher Education AU. Phan, D. H. T., Mascitelli, B., Barut, M. (2014). Perceptions towards international financial reporting standards (IFRS): The case of Vietnam.

Perfect Competition Essay Example

Perfect Competition Essay Perfect competition is a market structure with large number of buyers and sellers. There are no barriers to entry into the industry. Firms sell identical products that are perfect substitutes each other. In addition, they are well informed about prices and no have government intervention. Transport cost is negligible hence do not affect pricing. Price determined by the market must be accepted by the buyers and sellers. They are said to be price takers. Therefore, firms have no market power. Each firm in perfect competition seeks to maximize their profit, which equals total revenue minus total cost.Total revenue for a firm is the selling price times the quantity cost [ TR=(P*Q) ] . Total cost is the opportunity cost of production, which includes normal profit. Average revenue tells us how much revenue a firm receives for the typical unit sold. The average revenue equals the price of the good in perfect competition. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue from an additional unit sold. For competitive firm, marginal revenue equals the price of the good. In the short run, firms can make super-normal profits or losses under perfect competition. The firm has fixed resources and maximizes profit or minimizes loss by adjusting output.When a firm operates in a perfectly competitive market, its supply curve is its short-run marginal cost curve above average variable cost. We will write a custom essay sample on Perfect Competition specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Perfect Competition specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Perfect Competition specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The firm should not produce, but should shut down in the short run if its loss exceeds its fixed costs. By shutting down, its loss will just equal those fixed costs. The shut down point is the level of output and price at which the firm just covers its total variable cost. For perfect competition, marginal revenue is equal to price as the firm is facing a perfectly elastic demand. Entry and exit is possible in the long run of perfect competitive.Long run firms are attracted into the industry if the supernormal profits are making by the incumbent firms. This is because there are no barriers to entry and there is perfect knowledge. The effect of this entry into the industry is to shift the industry supply curve to the right, which drives down price until the point where all super-normal profits are exhausted. If firms are making losses, they will leave the market as there are freely to exit, and this will shift the industry supply to the left, which increase price and allows those left in the market to derive normal profits.In perfect competition, optimal allocation of resources helped by high degree of competition. Lower price charged for the consumers. Consumer and producers surplus are maximized. This is because the change in demand leads extra supply. But insufficient profit for investment is one of the disadvantages in perfect competition. Besides that, perfect competition cause unequal distribution of goods and income. If there are externalities in production or consumption there is likely to be market failure without government intervention Competitive Markets.Due to the availability of many brands of the handsets in market, sellers share the market to comparatively smaller shares since the products are identical and serve the same intentions. The handsets are in this case standardized due to the functionality aspect they provide to the buyers. The government does not adjust the prices of the mobile phones in ties industry other than the normal taxes on business. The competitive aspect in this sector is mainly via prices such that the handset selling firms compete mainly using the prices (Lee, 2003).This is the ideal competitive environment where the products being sold are homogenous. From the Globe and Mail, deals with lamb prices in Canada. The article indicates that because the Orthodox and Western Christian Easters fall on the same Sunday in 2010, the demand for lamb and braided bread has gone up. And while there is a shortage of lamb there doesnt appear to be a shortage of bread. Lamb prices are up 22% over last year. Lamb producers in Alberta have been trying to convince people to take up the craft of raising sheep and hope that promise of higher prices will be an incentive.

The Holy Land essay essays

The Holy Land essay essays A possible solution to Israeli Palestinian peace is very hard to come by. Evidently, not all Israelis The only practical idea for creating a Palestinian-Israeli peace is the development of a large agreement. The approach of agreement calls for Israelis The method of agreement highlights the failing of the usual aggressiveness in the Israeli Palestinian relationship. It is a form based on the idea that the search for self-interest leads to the advantage of both sides. Agreement requires a cooperative form of Israeli Palestinian relationship that focuses on the benefits of peace for both sides. Neither Israelis nor Palestinians can get peace alone. In fact, both sides have to make sacrifices. Given present realities, the Israelis cannot be beaten in a war; yet, they cannot win politically. The loss of the ability to force a decision by war sets a restriction on the peace process. But it is a restriction that leaves room for strength, imagination, I give credit to Dr. Awad re report on this topic...

Criminal Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Criminal Law Master - Case Study Example The physical elements are collectively called the actus reus and the accompanied mental state is called the mens rea. It is the fundamental duty of the prosecution to prove both of these elements of the offence to the satisfaction of the judge or jury beyond reasonable doubt. In the absence of such proof the defendant will be acquitted." (http://www.lawteacher.net/Actus%20Reus%20Lecture.php ) To illustrate it in a better manner, in an English case, however, where a man ran at his mistress to hit her and the women jumped out of the window and thus met her death, it was held that the jumping out of the window was contributed to by the appellant's unlawful act and on that ground alone a verdict of murder might well have been returned but it was mercifully reduced to manslaughter.(R. v. Curley (1909) 2 Cr App R 109) Criminal Intention and the knowledge of the probable consequences of the act committed are important to prove in order to bring an action under homicide or murder. Where a person had an altercation with his wife in the street outside their home during which he struck her and she fell uncons cious and in his trial to drag her away in that state caused a fatal injury, he was convicted of manslaughter. It was decided by the court that the defendant cannot be set free as it can be said initially the intention was not there but later on the subsequent action that caused the fatal injury was done to conceal the commission of the unlawful assault.(R. v. Leburn,(1991) 3 WLR 653(CA) The Court of Appeal has laid down in R. v. Nedrick that knowledge or foresight of the probable consequences of an act cannot take the place of intention.(1986)3 All ER 1 CA) It can be said that Culpable homicide is murder, if the act by which the death is caused is done with the intention of causing death, or it is done with the intention of causing such bodily injury as the offender knows to be likely to cause the death of the person to whom the harm is caused, or if it is done with the intention of causing bodily injury to any person and the bodily injury intended to be inflicted is sufficient in the ordinary course of nature to cause death, or if the person committing the act knows that it is so imminently dangerous that it must, in all probability, cause death or such bodily injury as is likely to cause death, and commits such act without any excuse for incurring the risk of causing death or such injury as aforesaid. According to the Homicide Act 1957 s.1 "Where a person kills another in the course or furtherance of some other offence, the killing shall not amount to murder unless done with the same malice aforethought (express or implied) as is required for a killing to amount to murder when not done in the course or furtherance of another offence." Throughout English Criminal Law it is the duty of prosecution to prove the accused's guilt. In every charge of murder, if the prosecution have proved homicide, namely, the killing by the accused, the prosecution must prove further that the killing was malicious and murder, as there is no presumption that the act was

Computer Professional Ethics Journal #2 & #3 Essay

Computer Professional Ethics Journal #2 & #3 - Essay Example With such inevitability, there is a need to make precautionary measures to counter forces that are bound to "steal" their "intellectual rights". In the United States, there has been a growing problem in appellate courts particularly in patentability of computer programs where they have been struggling with the subject matter requirement for patentability. The courts have been having trouble deciding whether various types of software can be accurately characterized as falling under any of the areas of patentable subject matter such as "processes" or "machines". During the early 70s, this has been the problem in the case of Gottschalk v. Benson, where the Court framed the issue as "The question is whether the method described and claimed is a process within the meaning of the Patent Act." As the years progressed, problems in patentability became more critical and complex. From the definition of "process", issues in patentability also delved into software originality, novelty, piracy, p rotection, and even at face value "stealing" (by pirating or recruiting the computer scientists from another company). And because of this, computer scientists must be well aware of these facts so that they could create counter measures such as security programs, password protections, and other suitable alternative

A Borderless Education Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Borderless Education - Personal Statement Example A native of Huangzhou, China, the 20 year-old girl who noticeably has dyed her hair into auburn is already in her third year as a Political Science major at London University at central London, just a few blocks away from her flat.It was her parent's idea to send her abroad to pursue college after she graduated in secondary school. She confesses that initially, she was to be sent to the United States were some of her relatives live. Li Ying really did not like the idea of being an alien in another place, more so living far away from her family. But since she had to follow her parents, she finally agreed on one condition-that she go to school in England. Her parents did not argue because they believed UK is known for their high quality education.Her very first day in school was that of a typical newcomer, scary, exciting and confusing all at the same time. But she did not experience stares from her classmates as expected. Maybe because it was already normal for Englishmen to see their kind, whose skin color was not far behind as theirs. She admits that at first, though she knows basic English, (she now has an English tutor) she had a little hard time understanding the Brit accent. "It was after every sentence that I got what they meant. The same thing when I talk. They often could not understand me either. But I've gotten used to it so it's okay now," she confesses. Li Ying admits, studying in England is not that easy. Aside from adjusting to the way of teaching, she had to focus intently and strive hard with the demands of international high standards British Universities offer. This has helped her to become more independent and mature. "I'm very lucky to study in a foreign land and get the best opportunities so I should really make good of my stay here. At least I do my best especially that the tuition fee is very costly. It will break my parent's heart if they learn that I'm not doing any good here. Compared back in my homeland, we are not spoon-fed here. You also have to do some self-study." This is one thing Li Ying admires about education particularly in her university. Aside from London University's good reputation as among the oldest schools in England, there is academic freedom. Cultural shock was also part of her journey wherein she describes British people as less conservative than Chinese. "It's all about adjusting. I mean, that's life. For me, you should learn to understand and adapt for (sic) other cultures just as long as you don't forget or feel ashamed of your roots." British Lifestyle While Li Ying values her studies seriously, social life is also in her vocabulary. "But we do it in moderation," she says. She has met some English guys and admits that they have caught her fancy. She dates once in a while but has not chosen one yet. "Maybe because I'm focused on my studies. Besides, that can wait," she laughs. Chinese or British "It doesn't matter what nationality as long as were both compatible and we understand each other, "she laughs her eyes disappearing again. Every waking day in England she says is getting more